是非常值得记住的固定结构。

inflict A on B

A = 痛苦、伤害、损失、惩罚等
B = 遭受这些东西的人/群体

👉 把 A 施加给 B / 使 B 遭受 A

例子

The enemy inflicted heavy losses on the army.
敌人使这支军队遭受了惨重损失。

拆开：

• inflict = 施加、造成
• heavy losses = 惨重损失 → A
• on the army = 给军队 → B

The attack inflicted serious injuries on civilians.
这次袭击使平民遭受了严重伤害。

serious injuries = A
civilians = B

The war inflicted enormous suffering on millions of people.
战争给数百万人带来了巨大的苦难。

enormous suffering = A
millions of people = B

最常见的几个组合

inflict + loss + on

inflict + damage + on

inflict + injury/injuries + on

inflict + pain + on

inflict + suffering + on

inflict + casualties + on

一个非常重要的反向表达

suffer A

= B 遭受 A

所以：

The enemy inflicted heavy losses on the army.
敌人使军队遭受惨重损失。

也可以理解为：

The army suffered heavy losses.
军队遭受了惨重损失。

💡 最好记成一组：

A inflicts → B suffers

The enemy inflicted heavy losses on the army.
The army suffered heavy losses.

这在你现在看的一战视频里会非常常见。